_Example_. Multiply 87 by 11. Ans. 957.
FRACTIONS.
Fractional parts of a cent should never be despised. They often make
fortunes, and the counting of all the fractions may constitute the
difference between the rich and the poor man. The business man readily
understands the value of the fractional part of a bushel, yard, pound,
or cent, and calculates them very sharply, for in them lies perhaps
his entire profit.
TO REDUCE A FRACTION TO ITS SIMPLEST FORM.
Divide both the numerator and denominator by any number that will
leave no remainder and repeat the operation until no number will
divide them both.
_Example_. The simplest form of 36/45 is found by dividing by 9 = 4/5.
To reduce a whole number and a fraction, as 4-1/2, to fractional form,
multiply the whole number by the denominator, add the numerator and
write the result over the denominator. Thus, 4 X 2 = 8 + = 9 placed
over 2 is 9/2.
TO ADD FRACTIONS.
Reduce the fractions to like denominators, add their numerators and
write the denominator under the result.
_Example_. Add 2/3 to 3/4.
2/3 = 8/12, 3/4 = 9/12, 8/12 + 9/12 = 17/12 = 1-5/12. Ans.
TO SUBTRACT FRACTIONS.
Reduce the fractions to like denominators, subtract the numerators and
write the denominators under the result.
_Example_. Find the difference between 4/5 and 3/4.
4/5 = 16/20, 3/4 = 15/20, 16/20-15/20 = 1/20. Ans.
TO MULTIPLY FRACTIONS.
Multiply the numerators together for a new numerator and the
denominators together for a new denominator.
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