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Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687

"Essays on Mankind and Political Arithmetic"

people. hundred years.
1300 2,800,000
1400 3,300,000 440,000.
1500 3,840,000 540,000.
1600 4,620,000 780,000.
1700 5,500,000 880,000.
1800 6,420,000 920,000.
1900 7,350,000 930,000.
2000 8,280,000 930,000.
2100 9,205,000 925,000.
2200 10,115,000 910,000.
2300 11,000,000 885,000.
Whereby it may appear that the increase of the kingdom being 880,000
people in the last hundred years, and 920,000 in the next succeeding
hundred years, the annual increase at this time may be about 9,000
souls per annum.
But whereas the yearly births of the
kingdom are about 1 in 28.95, or 190,000 souls.
And the yearly burials 1 in 32.35 or 170,000 souls.
Whereby the yearly increase would be 20,000 souls.
It is to be noted-- Per ann.
1. That the allowance for
plagues and great mortalities
may come to at a medium 4,000
2. Foreign or civil wars at a
medium 3,500
3. The sea constantly employing 11,000 per annum.
about 40,000, may precipitate 2,500
the death of about
4. The plantations (over and above
the accession of foreigners) 1,000
may carry away
Whereby the net annual increase may
be but 9,000 souls.


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